Geronimo Cristobal

Tag: Rizal

  • Indios Bravos, 1888–1889

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    Between April 28 and May 16, 1888, during his continental journey across the United States, and again during the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1889, Rizal confronted two dramatically different representations of Indigenous Americans: one as commercial stereotype, the other as dignified performers. These encounters shaped what would become Indios Bravos, the fraternity founded by Rizal…

  • José Rizal’s visit to the Javanese Village at the 1889 Paris Exposition

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    rizal, gamelan, debussy, java, expo, 1889, dunia melayu

  • Vertebra in Vial

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    Questions persist about Rizal’s vertebra. Among them, why was it preserved? The oft-repeated claim that it was precisely where the bullet struck is unproven and, in the end, immaterial, since part of his brain was also preserved. The more curious matter is why these fragments, the vertebra and the brain, were placed in viales de…

  • José Rizal’s Drawings of Anting-Anting

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    Proving yet again that in any field of inquiry Rizal emerges as the ubiquitous scholar, this photograph from the Dean C. Worcester Collection at the Newberry Library (Ayer Philippine Photographs) shows a drawing of objects he reportedly discovered on a hill near Dapitan. The inscription reads: “Anillo de oro con un rubí y una medallita,…

  • Machete of Paete and other Petrified Idols of Underdevelopment

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    Machete Poster and sculpture by Paloy Cagayat. Photo: Lakan Sining. The town of Paete, Laguna in the Philippines is an artisanal community famous for its living tradition of wood carving of religious santos. In 1580, the town came under the administration of Spanish friars Juan de Plasencia and Diego de Oropesa, who encountered a native…

  • Two Rizal exhibitions at UP Diliman

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    He never claimed to be a god in any of his writings but the photographs of his monuments for a show entitled Over Rizal at the Vargas Museum would make you believe otherwise. Employing the lighter tone and the touristy production, the exhibition retells history from the people who read about it, reflecting how the…